Public Bus Transport Service - reforms required

STATE PUBLIC BUS TRANSPORT POLICY – draft proposal

1) Government to use every means to encourage use of public bus transport services, particularly in cities.
2) Movement of public bus transport vehicles to be given top priority, particularly in cities. Traffic authorities to ensure this.
3) Public bus transport sector to be opened out totally, for open competition between various players, on a level playing field, subject to concessions noted below.
4) Classifications such as stage carriages, contract carriages, maxi cabs, etc to be withdrawn, and annual license fees charged on the basis of the vehicle floor area.
5) Service providers to be totally free to adopt their own fare tables. There are to be no restrictions on fares, whatsoever.
6) Service providers to be free to choose the routes they wish to operate on, as also the schedules. RTO to be empowered to impose restrictions only in the case of overcrowding of routes/roads.
7) All bus stands to be taken over and run (or better still - leased out to professional contractors) by local bodies, like BMP, City Corporations, Municipalities, etc, making the facilities available to all service providers against user charges.
8) Public bus transport vehicles to be maintained in exacting road-worthy condition. No public bus transport vehicle to be more than 10 years old.
9) Policing of public bus transport vehicles to be made very strict, with heavy penalties being levied in cases of offences like over-speeding, rash & negligent driving, drunken driving, over-loading, etc.
10) An efficient bus transport system (with government and private players operating in open competition) to form the backbone of the public transport system. In large cities, these to be supplemented by METRO rail as the situation warrants.
Notes:
a) KSRTC (and its subsidiaries) and BMTC may be incorporated into companies, with employees holding substantial stake.
b) KSRTC (and its subsidiaries) and BMTC may be allowed 100% concession on annual license fee for their vehicles for a period of 3 years (from the date of the policy coming into effect), and 50% concession for the next two years, and 25% concession thereafter.
c) Buses run by co-operative societies may be allowed 25% concession on annual license fees.

Likely scenario resulting at the end of 3 to 6 months of implementation of policy:

1) Corporates like TVS, Ashok Leyland, etc, alongside the present contract-carriage operators like Blueline, VRL, Sharma Transports, KPN, etc, apart from co-operatives like those formed by ex-servicemen, likely to come on the scene with hundreds of buses, catering to all kinds and classes of demand.
2) The resulting competition will automatically drive the different service providers to come up with innovative schemes of attracting more and more people to switch over to the use of the buses rather than relying on their individual vehicles.
3) At the lower end, you will have the ‘Janata’ services, stopping at all bus stops enroute, and charging the barest minimum (which in all possibility will be much lower than BMTC’s present charges).
4) At the upper end, you will have the A/C deluxe services (possibly with broad, reclining seats, newspapers & magazines for reading, etc) catering to corporate executives, and operating from say Whitefield to Residency road, with just some 5 stops in-between. These buses may also cater to students of say Bishop Cottons School, possibly with a 25% concession being offered to them.
5) In between, you will have a wide spectrum of services, with each service provider making known his USP through the local media.
6) Even within a Jayanagar or a Indiranagar, you will have mini-buses operating in given circuits, catering to the local shopping and other needs of the residents.
7) The usage of two-wheelers and cars will reduce drastically, atleast for commuting, leading to

• de-cluttering of city roads, thereby providing room for speedy movement of buses,
• reduction of air pollution with lower per capita consumption of fuel,
• spread of population from city centres to out-lying areas due to ready availability of cheap and efficient means of transport,
• promotion of the healthy practice of walking atleast to & from the bus stops,
• an appreciable drop in the monthly family transport budget.
  

8) In the rural areas also, the demand for good public transport will lead to entrepreneurs / co-operatives coming forward to meet it, and healthy competition will ensure efficient and cheap services.

In this connection, a reference is made to the report on ‘Bus Transport Systems’ displayed on the website of the Union Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas (www.petroleum.nic.in/ch_15.pdf), salient excerpts from which are listed below, for a ready reference:

a) Promoting public bus transport should be viewed as a priority in any strategy to improve urban road traffic and in controlling air pollution from automobiles. The country can ill afford the luxury of unchecked growth of private vehicle population. The costs to the country’s economy in terms of higher fuel consumption and to the society in terms of health are significant enough to warrant urgent action.
b) Clearly, there is a strong case for promoting private enterprise in meeting transport needs in urban areas.
An aspect of public policy that impacts on provision and expansion of public transport either by state owned utilities or by private entrepreneurs, relates to the unviable fare structures imposed by the authority.
c) With improved efficiency, the fare structure can continue to remain low while still providing for overall viability of the operations.

As will be noticed, the ‘policy’ enunciated above takes into account all these factors.

Blue-print and Vision

NAGARIK’s blue-print for improving the Bangalore traffic scene (March ’96)

1) Introduce more buses (since BTS is near-bankrupt, bring-in the private sector to compete with the BTS)
2) Discourage use of private vehicles
to
-provide room for more (public transport) buses,
-reduce fuel consumption (saving foreign exchange), and consequently pollution,
-de-clutter the roads,
-make people walk atleast upto the bus-stands, thereby exercising their bodies that bit.
by
- increasing road tax
- introducing ‘pedestrians only’ zones in city centres, like has been done in Commercial Street (Contractors may be allowed to operate slow-moving, mini-buses for people to shuttle between the parking lot and the shopping areas)
- making it difficult to find parking spaces (particularly in city centres – the proposed multi-storied parking lots are totally ill-conceived)
- restricting plying of private vehicles on the main city arteries like the Residency Road, St Mark’s Road, Old Madras Road (between Trinity Jn and Adarsh Theatre), etc, between 9AM & 10.30AM, and 5PM & 7PM.

3) Licence more taxies (four wheeler) in place of auto-rickshaws. (Auto-rickshaws, because of their high maneuverability, are a major traffic hazard)
4) Complete the inner and outer ring roads.
5) Shift all major wholesale markets (steel, vegetable, timber, etc) to well-planned areas outside the outer ring road.
6) Have large well-planned truck terminals also outside the outer ring road adjoining each highway.
7) Encourage cycling

to
- nurture an eco-friendly and healthy population
- reduce consumption of (imported) fuel oils
by
- making certain roads with ‘right of way for cycles’ criss-crossing the entire city

8) Encourage use of contract vans for school children



NAGARIK’S vision for Bangalore traffic scenario for the year 2000 (March ’96)

1) There will be a 6-lane outer ring road and a 4-lane inner ring road, with service roads on either sides, going all around the city.
2) The main radial arteries (namely Tumkur Road, Bellary Road, Hennur Road, Old Madras Road, Varthur Road, Sarjapur Road, Hosur Road, Kanakapura Road, Mysore Road, and Magadi Road) will also be widened into 6-lane highways facilitating faster movements of vehicles into and out of the city centre. This will also result in lateral growth of the city, reducing the pressure on the overburdened roads and utility systems existing in the inner city. The BDA / BMRDA would facilitate the growth of fully self-contained satellite townships (with actual work being done by private agencies) outside a 10 km wide green belt (forest land) beyond the outer ring road.
3) At the point of intersection of the ring roads with the main radial arteries there will be fly-overs.
4) All major wholesale markets (steel, vegetable, timber, grain, etc) will have been shifted to well-planned, spacious locations outside the outer ring road.
5) Large truck terminals with all requisite amenities will be located outside the outer ring road along each highway.
6) Heavy duty trucks will not be allowed within the outer ring road limits, except with special permissions.
7) All movement of goods within the outer ring road will be by LCVs.
8) An efficient bus transport system (with public and private agencies/companies operating in open competition) will form the backbone of the public transport system.
9) Particularly within the inner ring road, plying of buses, vans, taxis (cars as against auto-rickshaws) will be encouraged and facilitated, while
10) Use of personalised means of transport, particularly cars, will be discouraged, by

- suitable road tax levies
- restricting entry of private cars on certain roads during peak hours
- making parking difficult and costly

11) The public transport system will be supplemented by the proposed RTPS / metro system.